Ekklēsia

This article   traces the ideological structure operating behind the New Farmers’ Movements (considering the Shetkari Sangathana and the KRSS within the scope of the article) to demonstrate the similarities and divergences but also to argue how their responses to globalization may themselves have been shaped by the exigencies and conditions set by globalization.   Oomen(2010:34) divides the history of 20 th century India into three phases in terms of the nature of social movements that occurred. The first is the colonial period (1900-47), the second phase, 1947-89, roughly coinciding with the time when nation-building was the focus and the third phase (1990-) is referred to as the globalizing phase with the liberalization f the Indian economy. In the third phase, we see the rising prominence of the market, even vis-à-vis the state which gradually loses its accountability. Within this phase, one can also see the rise of various farmers’ movements that are a response ...

It all started in 1949, when an idol of Ram was placed inside the mosque, after that riots broke out in Ayodhya, resulting in more than 200 Indians losing their lives. On 6 December 1992, the demolition of the Babri Masjid was undertaken by the Hindu nationalist groups which triggered riots all over India and according to surveys more than 2000 Indians died. Then, the case went to the Allahabad High Court (AHC), which ordered Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to present a report on this case, after excavations held in 1970, 1992, and 2003. The ASI presented the report to AHC which said that there is a shrine and may be a temple beneath the mosque but they don’t have any evidence of whether it belongs to God Ram or not. On 30 th September 2010, the AHC passed the verdict that the contested land will be divided into three equal parts, in which two parts went to Hindu organisations – Nirmohi Akhara and Ram Lalla Virajman - and one part to a Muslim organisation - the Sunni Waqf Boar...